Halloween Rhymes For Inviations

Onu, gene patenting Fund to avoid 10 countries monopolize 90%

Continents

Onu

Science

Dale kick in notes, and read the information

Friday March 25, 2011

A team of scientists, including English Carlos Duarte, asked in the journal Science the creation of an international pool of patents for genes sea to achieve equitable and ethical resources of the sea and prevent only ten countries monopolize 90 percent of those patents.

This fund would be coordinated by an agency under the United Nations has confirmed Duarte, researcher at the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), who added: "It would centralize authority that patents may not only marine organisms, but all organisms. "

The goal, has continued, is to ensure, first, the rights of countries in whose waters the bodies are obtained, now you do not declare to patent, and, secondly, to establish fair compensation to those who have made the discovery, ensuring access for all its benefits.

The ten countries that control 90 percent of the 677 marine gene patents in the world with international validity hold 20 percent of the costs, according to this work.

United States, Germany and Japan account for 70 percent of these patents, and among the ten countries are Switzerland, which has no jurisdiction even marine waters, as well as France, UK, Denmark, Belgium, Netherlands and Norway . (Spain has 5 patents to genes and 16 genes sea in total and is, according to Duarte, ranked 15 countries with more patents marine).

Only 31 of the 194 countries of the world have applied for patents on genes sea, according to this research.

The reason for this imbalance in access to technology for marine exploration and exploitation of genetic resources, so the idea of \u200b\u200bthe fund was created to avoid being only countries with more advanced technologies login with these means, as Duarte.

For the scientist, is also important to ensure this common ethical and equitable access to resources.

"It is not acceptable to patent a gene does not need to state where the sample was taken, nor is required to identify which body extracted, among other things because the new techniques allow us to discover massive sequencing genes before knowing what species they belong, particularly for microorganisms, has riveted.

this researcher has suggested that some countries refuse to address this issue, explained that the applications of many genes are marine biology, biomedicine, energy and food.

Duarte coordinates the Malaspina expedition, aimed at assessing the impact of global change on the ocean and its biodiversity study .

"pioneering exploration of genomic diversity of the ocean that we are Malaspina throw out the discovery of millions of new genes, many could have applications in biomedicine, energy, food technology, "he said.

The framework of" Wild West "in a few countries" appropriated through patents, of biological resources of the ocean does not seem ethical or acceptable, but non-proprietary, patented by others who come purely commercial interests ".

Hence the need to develop an international framework ensure equitable access to marine genetic resources, especially in international waters, accounting for 65 percent the surface of the ocean, the researchers note.

The work, which the authors have also requested that marine genetic resources are proclaimed the common heritage of mankind, is coordinated by Sophie Arnaud, IFREMER (France), and in it, apart from Duarte, part Jesus Maria Arrieta, the Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (Spain). Efe